Liquor Jack: Strike ("yet is their strength labour and sorrow")

The Chicago Memorial Day Incident [aka the Memorial Day Massacre], during the "Little Steel" strike: photographer unknown, for U.S. Senate, 30 May 1937 (National Archives and Records Administration)

'On Memorial Day, May 30, 1937, police opened fire on a parade of striking steel workers and their families at the gate of the Republic Steel Company, in South Chicago. Fifty people were shot, of whom 10 later died; 100 others were beaten with clubs.' -- Eyewitness Dorothy Day, in Selected Writings

So he with difficulty and labour hard

Mov'd on, with difficulty and labour hee.

-- Milton: Paradise Lost, II

The days of our years are threescore years and ten; and if by reason of strength they be fourscore years, yet is their strength labour and sorrow; for it is soon cut off, and we fly away.

-- Psalm 90:10

With the word labour I was, of course, familiar. Coupled mysteriously with its mate capital, this abstract term was always turning up in my father's conversation, and it occurred and reoccurred in the technical journals and reports of of companies which lay on the library table. 'Water plentiful and labour docile', 'The wages of labour are falling to their natural level'... were phrases which puzzled me... I never visualized labour as separate men and women of different sorts and kinds... labour was an abstraction, which seemed to denote an arithmetically calculable mass of human beings, each individual a repetition of the other...

-- Beatrice Webb, My Apprenticeship (1926)

Open battle between striking teamsters armed with pipes and police in the streets of Minneapolis during 1934 strike: photographer unknown, June 1934 (National Archives and Records Administration)

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Labor strikes, San Francisco: police and strikers battle: photographer unknown, July 1934 (Franklin D. Roosevelt Presidential Library)

Image, Source: digital file from intermediary roll film

San Francisco dock strike: photographer unknown for International News Photos, New York, July 1934 (Farm Security Administration/Office of War Information Collection, Library of Congress)

Auto overturned during San Francisco waterfront strike: photographer unknown, July 1934 (1934 International Longshoremen's Association General Strikes of San Francisco Collection, Bancroft Library, U. of California)

Strike scene, Rincon Hill, San Francisco during San Francisco waterfront strike: photographer unknown, 3 July 1934 (1934 International Longshoremen's Association General Strikes of San Francisco Collection, Bancroft Library, U. of California)

Strikers surround produce trucks during San Francisco waterfront strike: photographer unknown, 12 July 1934 (1934 International Longshoremen's Association General Strikes of San Francisco Collection, Bancroft Library, U. of California)

Produce market with food overturned during San Francisco waterfront strike: photographer unknown, 12 July 1934 (1934 International Longshoremen's Association General Strikes of San Francisco Collection, Bancroft Library, U. of California)

Food raids during San Francisco waterfront strike: photographer unknown, 13 July 1934 (1934 International Longshoremen's Association General Strikes of San Francisco Collection, Bancroft Library, U. of California)

Man arrested by police during San Francisco waterfront strike: photographer unknown, July 1934 (1934 International Longshoremen's Association General Strikes of San Francisco Collection, Bancroft Library, U. of California)

Strikers surging down Market Street during San Francisco waterfront strike: photographer unknown, July 1934 (1934 International Longshoremen's Association General Strikes of San Francisco Collection, Bancroft Library, U. of California)

Police fire at crowd, Potrero Hilll [?], during San Francisco waterfront strike: photographer unknown, July 1934 (1934 International Longshoremen's Association General Strikes of San Francisco Collection, Bancroft Library, U. of California)

Pickets at Embarcadero during San Francisco waterfront strike: photographer unknown, July 1934 (1934 International Longshoremen's Association General Strikes of San Francisco Collection, Bancroft Library, U. of California)

Police surround strikers, Embarcadero, during San Francisco waterfront strike: photographer unknown, July 1934 (1934 International Longshoremen's Association General Strikes of San Francisco Collection, Bancroft Library, U. of California)

Funeral of men slain during San Francisco waterfront strike: photographer unknown, July 1934 (1934 International Longshoremen's Association General Strikes of San Francisco Collection, Bancroft Library, U. of California)

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Guard at company town, Jefferson County, Alabama: photo by Arthur Rothstein, February 1937 (Farm Security Administration/Office of War Information Collection, Library of Congress)

Image, Source: intermediary roll film

Striking longshoremen during waterfront strike in San Francisco, California: photo by Dorothea Lange, March 1937 (Farm Security Administration/Office of War Information Collection, Library of Congress)

Image, Source: b&w film copy neg. of print

A political problem before the voters of San Francisco, California: photo by Dorothea Lange, March 1937 (Farm Security Administration/Office of War Information Collection, Library of Congress)

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Labor strike, Ford Motor Company: large group on men and women standing, man being held back physically by several in group: photographer unknown: photographer unknown, 26 May 1937 (Franklin D. Roosevelt Presidential Library)